Competition Law And Consumer Protection Case Study

Rivalry Law And Consumer Protection - Case Study Example Purchasers are currently characterized as individuals who purchase for purposes random to their exchange, business or calling. According to the rule, buyers must be sold products of agreeable quality, in the wake of considering depiction, cost and other important conditions. In the event that a thing is imperfect at the hour of offer, which is alluded to as an inactive or intrinsic shortcoming, at that point the customer stop a protest on the disclosure of such a deformity. Shoppers won't be qualified for a legitimate cure in regard of: The condition as set out in The Sale of Goods Act 1979, in regard of merchantable nature of the products, indicates that the suggested terms, where the vender sells merchandise over the span of a business, there is an inferred term that the products provided under the agreement are of merchantable quality aside from that there is no such condition. In Thornett and Fehr v Beer and Son, the purchaser got a few barrels of vegetable paste from the vender without appropriately examining the substance, however every open door for doing so was offered by the dealer. The court concluded that in the event that there has been some assessment, at that point the purchaser can't grumble about imperfections which a full assessment would have revealed4. The Sale of Goods Act 1979 characterizes suggested terms with respect to sensible wellness of direction as the offer of merchandise by a dealer over the span of a business and the purchaser, explicitly or by suggestion, makes it known to the vender or where the price tag or part of it is payable by portions and the products were recently sold by a credit agent to the vender to that credit broker5. In Griffiths v Peter Conway ltd, it was held by the court that unique reason must be imparted explicitly or by implication6. This was likewise repeated in Slater v Finning7. On the off chance that there is just one reason for which something is purchased, at that point the wellness of its motivation is inferred.

Professional Sports and Michael Pore Essay Example for Free

Pro athletics and Michael Pore Essay Competitors are nearly as terrible of good examples as crooks. Competitors get called good examples a great deal yet they don't fit the meaning of a good example. Competitors set awful models for teenagers. They settle on poor decisions and are effectively pardoned because of their athletic capacities. Competitors are terrible good examples for youngsters and children in light of the fact that a great deal of competitors have unfortunate propensities, set ridiculous desires, and set awful models. Despite their capacities, competitors are bad good examples for anybody of all ages. Numerous competitors have unfortunate propensities like medication use, battling, and betting. Laura K. Egendorf says numerous ridiculous desires are set; not every person can become renowned or an expert competitor. Such a large number of adolescents and children admire significant competitors so they ought not be setting the terrible models that they are setting (Laura K. Egendorf, 64). Not exclusively are they setting awful models yet they have unfortunate propensities also. Likewise, as youngsters develop more established they read about their competitor saint and their negative behavior patterns. Michael A. Pore states that any law breaking or wrong thing an expert competitor does, there is a story posted in paper, on the web, or even said on TV. Michael Jordan had a betting issue, Sammy Sosa had a steroid issue, and Riddick Bowe had a battling issue (Michael A. Pore, 41). A few youngsters acknowledge competitors are bad good examples. Proficient competitors are handily excused for their missteps. Notwithstanding, proficient competitors set terrible models for teenagers and youthful competitors. Michael A. Pore expresses that competitors are excessively effectively excused for their awful conduct. You don’t need to utilize medications to be acceptable at something. They feel cash comes effectively, however cash isn't all that matters and doesn't come without any problem. Competitors send unfortunate messages to kids; in the event that you purchase a specific item the competitor advances, you won't perform better (Michael A. Pore, 40). Not every person will play out the manner in which proficient competitors do and get celebrated. In Addition, competitors set ridiculous desires for the teenagers and children admiring them. Not every person can and will turn into an expert competitor. Not very many individuals will make a large number of dollars a year only for playing a game. Michael A. Pore says adolescents feel on the off chance that they wear a brand advanced by a competitor they will fit in with the remainder of the players playing the game. For the children admiring the expert competitors, they believe they need to look as solid as them or be as strong as them to plat the game well (Michael A. Pore, 43). A couple of competitors get their strong look from steroids, not real quality. Be that as it may, steroid use isn't that awful on occasion. In the article, Athletes Are Role Models it states; If you lack the capacity to deal with training, steroids improve your exhibition. Steroids cause you to feel better when you do well in your game. Nobody will know whether you do it every so often (http://www. ickscorner. com). Steroids can help anybody any age. Regardless, nobody of all ages should utilize steroids. Steroids are an unlawful substance and in the event that you get discovered utilizing them you can get a gigantic fine or even prison time. In the event that you use steroids, you are simply deceiving yourself and the game. In addition to the fact that steroid uses get looked down on it slaughters synapses (http://gathering. working out. com). In the event that you don't have the opportunity to practice and feel like that is motivation to utilize steroids and perform better, than you ought not have the opportunity to be in the group. In like manner, competitors can set practical desires and help youngsters and children go for their fantasies. Laura K. Egendorf clarifies how most little youngsters and teenagers need to be well known when they are more seasoned; proficient competitors assist them with going after that fantasy. As adolescents develop more seasoned, they keep on viewing their preferred proficient competitor. Watching them do well in a game will make adolescents need to perform like them (Laura K. Egendorf, 64). Proficient competitors rake in some serious cash only for playing a game, however cash isn't all that matters. Then again, numerous children and youngsters get spurred yet is it reasonable? Not very many individuals on the planet become well known. The odds of turning into an expert competitor are tiny; there are around 301,000,000 individuals in the United States and just around 17,000 expert competitors. â€Å"http://discussion. weight training. com† resembling an expert competitor isn't in every case great; drugs are not something beneficial for an adolescent to get into. Thus, competitors ought not be good examples for anybody of all ages; they have negative behavior patterns, set ridiculous desires, and set awful models. A great deal of competitors have negative behavior patterns like steroid use and betting. Proficient competitors set ridiculous models, not every person can and will be acclaimed. Numerous terrible models are set inside competitors. Individuals get roused for ridiculous dreams. Competitors can show youngsters how to attempt to accomplish in sports yet they can’t help with schoolwork or true family issues, they ought not be viewed as good examples.

How to Stop Procrastinating

How to Stop Procrastinating So youve put off the big project until the very last day, and now youre rushing to finish it before 11:59 pm. Or you keep not calling your dad for your weekly talks, and you suddenly realize you havent talked in two weeks. Or your mom told you to do the FAFSA, and you keep not doing it because if you ask for last years tax information now, shell know you havent done it yet. And yes, these are all personal examples. Ah procrastination, the murderer of good night sleeps and the cause of daytime stress. And yet we cant stop. Had I written this post in a reasonable amount of time, this would be a more uplifting, optimistic, get off your butt and work! blog. But because this was left to the very last minute, my Psych class read a New York Times article just on this subject. So now were here to help you figure out why we procrastinate and hopefully give you the tools to stop it. Why do we procrastinate? When we think of procrastination, we often think of ourselves as lazy or unmotivated. In reality, it goes a lot deeper than that. Procrastination is about how we feel, and were more likely to procrastinate if youre in a bad mood or the thing youre procrastinating makes you feel bad. And its not like, I dont like doing math so Im not going to do my Calculus homework. Rather, its, Doing this homework makes me feel stupid and like I dont belong in this class, so Im not going to do it. These bits of self-doubt and anxiety and insecurity are what incline us to procrastinate. So to avoid feeling bad, we procrastinate even though we know that doesnt fix our problems. The entire time were procrastinating, were aware that were putting off things that actually need to be done. But procrastination is all about our brains trying to make us feel better short-term. It isnt considering how much more stressed well be when we only have an hour to finish something when we technically had all day to do it. It also doesnt account for how much we blame ourselves for our own downfall. In the end, were left feeling even worse than before and the cycle continues. So how do I stop? Because procrastination is about stopping bad feelings, you have to find real solutions to feeling better. Studies have shown that forgiving yourself for procrastinating leaves you less likely to procrastinate in the future. It allows you to stop focusing on the mistakes of your past and move forward to new things. Another similar method is using self-compassion and being nicer to yourself. If you procrastinate and something ends up turning out worse than you thought it would, dont spend the day shaming yourself for making a mistake. Instead, remember that were all humans and were all imperfect. A more technical solution is to make the devices of your procrastination harder to use. Make the password on your phone more complicated or put your laptop really far away so if you wanna use Netflix you have to really travel to get it. Little things like that will lessen the mental incentive to procrastinate. Or the opposite of that is removing every obstacle to doing your work. Make Compass your homepage or keep your textbooks right next to your bed. Make it so easy to do your work that you cant not do it. Conclusion Procrastination is something that everyone struggles with. I procrastinated writing this blog post until the day it was due, and I am procrastinating several other things at this very moment. But understanding why we procrastinate and using these tools can get us that much closer to not procrastinating. studying Jada Class of 2022 I'm a journalism major with an interest in film and television. In my spare time I blow bubbles on the Quad, write blogs and reviews for various websites, and douse myself in glitter to dance at obscure music festivals. That last one's not for attention, I just like glitter.

The History of How Time Zones Came to Be

Prior to the late nineteenth century, time keeping was a purely local phenomenon. Each town would set their clocks to noon when the sun reached its zenith each day. A clockmaker or town clock would be the official time and the citizens would set their pocket watches and clocks to the time of the town. Enterprising citizens would offer their services as mobile clock setters, carrying a watch with the accurate time to adjust the clocks in customers homes on a weekly basis. Travel between cities meant having to change ones pocket watch upon arrival. However, once railroads began to operate and move people rapidly across great distances, time became much more critical. In the early years of the railroads, the schedules were very confusing because each stop was based on a different local time. The standardization of time was essential to efficient operation of railroads. The History of the Standardization of Time Zones In 1878, Canadian Sir Sandford Fleming proposed the system of worldwide time zones that we use today. He recommended that the world be divided into twenty-four time zones, each spaced 15 degrees of longitude apart. Since the earth rotates once every 24 hours and there are 360 degrees of longitude, each hour the earth rotates one-twenty-fourth of a circle or 15 degrees of longitude. Sir Flemings time zones were heralded as a brilliant solution to a chaotic problem worldwide. United States railroad companies began utilizing Flemings standard time zones on November 18, 1883. In 1884 an International Prime Meridian Conference was held in Washington D.C. to standardize time and select the prime meridian. The conference selected the longitude of Greenwich, England as zero degrees longitude and established the 24 time zones based on the prime meridian. Although the time zones had been established, not all countries switched immediately. Though most U.S. states began to adhere to the Pacific, Mountain, Central, and Eastern time zones by 1895, Congress didnt make the use of these time zones mandatory until the Standard Time Act of 1918. How Different Regions of the Word Use Time Zones Today, many countries operate on variations of the time zones proposed by Sir Fleming. All of China (which should span five time zones) uses a single time zone -- eight hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (known by the abbreviation UTC, based on the time zone running through Greenwich at 0 degrees longitude). Australia uses three time zones -- its central time zone is a half-hour ahead of its designated time zone. Several countries in the Middle East and South Asia also utilize half-hour time zones. Since time zones are based on segments of longitude and lines of longitude narrow at the poles, scientists working at the North and South Poles simply use UTC time. Otherwise, Antarctica would be divided into 24 very thin time zones! The time zones of the United States are standardized by Congress and although the lines were drawn to avoid populated areas, sometimes theyve been moved to avoid complication. There are nine time zones in the U.S. and its territories, they include Eastern, Central, Mountain, Pacific, Alaska, Hawaii-Aleutian, Samoa, Wake Island, and Guam. With the growth of the Internet and global communication and commerce, some have advocated a new worldwide time system.

A Hero Oskar Schindler Essay - 971 Words

How is a hero defined? A quote from ERAGON and it is about what a true hero is â€Å"He threw him-self in front of Eragon, his mouth open in a soundless snarl. The dagger struck him with a soft thump, and he landed heavily on his shoulder† (Eragon 266). This is an example of a true hero. Brom could have save himself and leave Eragon to die, but he chose to get the dagger in his side. Brom did not care if he died, only that Eragon live this is what a true hero is. To many people, Oskar Schindler is one of the greatest heroes because he saved many Jewish lives during the Holocaust. First this is about Oskar Schindler life and death. Oskar Schindler was born on the year of 1908 in April on 28 in Svitavy in Moravia Ca province of the Austro†¦show more content†¦Then he found out about how the Nazis treated the Jewish people. Oskar was so disgusted by the sheer cruelty that the Jewish people when through. In the beginning after he found out Oskar began to save as mining Jews people went through. Oskar also made sure that no ammunition was produced or was to be used in the war. Oskar also made his factory was a place a refuge for the Jewish people (1). Next it will be about how Oskar treated the Jewish people. Oskar Schindler treated the Jewish people nicer and better that the Nazi treated the Jewish people. Oskar did not beat the Jewish people when they did something wrong. The Nazis would beat the Jewish people if they did something wrong. Oskar did not kill the Jewish people at all. The Nazis would kill the Jewish people if they could not work, and if they were too young or too old. Oskar treated the Jewish people nicer by feeding them more. Oskar also made sure the Jewish people were not murdered or deported. Oskar made the Jewish people a place where they could live, and also moved his factory to save his Jewish workers (2, 3, and 5). Oskar Schindler was kind to the Jewish people. Following is about how Oskar Schindler paid the Jewish people. During the Holocaust Oskar Schindler paid the Jewish people and started to think about the treatment of Jewish people. Oskar Schindler paid women $4,000 more than men. Oskar paid men $14,000 U.S. dollars. Oskar Schindler paid women $18,000 US dollars. OskarShow MoreRelated Oskar Schindler: A Hero Study Essay1066 Words   |  5 Pages CONFLICT AND RELEVANT BACKGROUND Oskar Schindler faced many conflicts in his life. The main conflict he faced was overcoming the Nazis and saving over one thousand Jewish People. Schindler, with out a job at the time, joined the Nazi Party and followed on the heels of the SS when the Germans invaded Poland. This is when Schindler took over two previously Jewish owned companies that dealt with the manufacture and sales of enamel kitchenware products and opened up his own enamel shop right outsideRead MoreEssay on A Hero649 Words   |  3 PagesA Hero What is a hero? Is it a rock star or an athlete? A famous speaker or activist? Or is it someone so ordinary that does extraordinary things? A hero can be someone who loves and cares for you, or someone you look up to. Someone that risks their life for others is definitely a hero, that someone is Oskar Schindler. Oskar is a hero to over 6,000 Jews currentlyRead MoreThe Audience Of The Life, Achievements, And Legacy Of Nazi World War II1075 Words   |  5 Pagesthe life, achievements, and legacy of Nazi World War II hero, Oskar Schindler. Introduction I. 6 million people. 6 million innocent people died in the Holocaust. Now I want you to ask yourself, if you were alive to witness this period of mass genocide and had the opportunity to save even one innocent life, even if it meant risking your own, would you have? The answer to this very question is what forever defines Oskar Schindler s legacy II. Many of you may know of him through Liam NeesonRead MoreOskar Schindler Saved Jews during World War II822 Words   |  3 Pages Oskar Schindler was a hero in World War II. He endured many conflicts. The main battle he faced was during World War II. During World War II, Oskar Schindler was a German businessman who saved Jews in Poland and Czechoslovakia from death by employing them in his factory (â€Å"Oskar Schindler† 362). World War II began on September 1, 1939 (Colby 546). The War lasted for six years between the Axis powers, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the Allied powers, Great Britain, France, Soviet UnionRead MoreSchindler’s List directed by Steven Spielberg, Oskar Schindler 669 Words   |  3 PagesA hero is a man who, in the opinion of others, is greatly admired for his brave deeds and fine qualities. A hero is a man who, in the opinion of others, is greatly admired for his brave deeds and fine qualities. In Schindler’s List directed by Steven Spielberg, Oskar Schindler is regarded as a great hero amongst many Jews regardless of the fact that he is a German Nazi, because he saves the generations and lives of 1,200 Jews during the Holocaust. The Holocaust was the systematic mass murder of aboutRead MoreSchindler s List Essay example621 Words   |  3 Pagesidea  directly  relates  to  German  industrialist  Oskar  Schindler  and  his  character’s   transformation  throughout  the  Steven  Spielberg  directed  film  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Schindler’s  List​ .  Oskar  Schindler   was  a  Nazi  member  who  saved  over  a  thousand  lives  during  the  Holocaust  by  employing   Jewish  prisoners  to  work  at  his  factories.  Although  this  act  of  utter  courage  and  selflessness   definitely  gave  Schindler  a  remarkable  reputation,  his  flaws  were  what  helped  him  achieve   such  greatness.  In  the  movie  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Schindler’s  List​ ,  Oskar  Schindler’s  excessive  drinkingRead More Oskar Schindlers Actions During the Holocaust Essay examples1534 Words   |  7 PagesOskar Schindlers Actions During the Holocaust The Holocaust usually refers to Nazi Germanys systematic genocide of various peoples during the Second World War, the main target of this designed massacre being the Jews. Approximately 6 million Jews became the victims of this fanatical racism, slaughter, and cruelty. However, in all this madness, there were still a few people with sound conscience and courage to act against these atrocities. The most famous of these heroes would be Oskar SchindlerRead MoreEssay Schindlers List1736 Words   |  7 Pagespersecution and horrific killings of the Jewish people. It also exemplifies the hope and will of the Jewish people, which undoubtedly is a factor in the survival of their race. The most important factor however is because of the willingness of one man, Oskar Schindler, to stand out and make a difference. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The movie starts out in a Jewish home, where a Jewish family is celebrating the Sabbath. Candles are lit while songs are sung, and when the Jews leave the house, the candles slowlyRead More Schindlers List Essay709 Words   |  3 Pages Schindler’s List nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Oskar Schindler was a wealthy German industrialist, who made much of his wealth by employing Jewish men and women in his various factories. In the movie â€Å" Schindler’s List,† it starts off with Schindler in a restaurant with many high ranking Nazi officers eating there. He starts off by buying a officer a bottle of expensive wine, but it does not end there. Before the night is gone he has boughten dinner for all of the officers. This is how he madeRead MoreAnalysis Of Oskar Schindlers Changing Identity1732 Words   |  7 PagesPart I: Oskar Schindler’s Changing Identity: 1. Oskar Schindler’s identity drastically changes from the beginning to the end of the movie. At first, Schindler was a greedy, selfish, and rich man, who was a member of the Nazi party and profited from the war. He also was a womanizer who constantly cheated on his wife. He only cared about making money and he only hired Jewish workers because they were cheaper. He saved his workers initially because he did not want to pay to train other workers and protected

Consumer Protection Law of Uae Free Essays

Consumer Protection Law of UAE In United Arab Emirates; a new federal consumer protection law has been promulgated. Under which a consumer protection committee formed to monitor the prices of consumer goods. The provisions of the laws advocate the principle of healthy competition and fighting monopoly and commercial fraudulence. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Protection Law of Uae or any similar topic only for you Order Now The new legislation is complementing other laws concerning civil procedures, commercial fraudulence, commercial agencies, industry organization and trading in precious gems and metals.Disregarding any provisions of these laws could lead to violation of other related laws and this itself is enough to ensure strict enforcements. The law No: 6 of 2006 covers and tackles issues relating to the rights of consumer, responsibilities and liabilities and specifying penalties to be imposed on people for selling substandard goods. Under the law, a consumer protection higher committee will be constituted under the chairmanship of the Minister of Economy. The Committee will also comprise of representative of the Consumer Protection Societies.The Committee formation and determination of its powers will be decided by a resolution of the cabinet. In case of a crisis or extraordinary circumstances in the market leading to price hikes, the minister will recommend procedures to curb such price increases and protect consumer’s interests. A new Consumer Protection Department (CPD) will also established at the Ministry of Economy (MOE) with a mandate to supervise the execution of the general policy for the protection of consumer in cooperation with the authorities.The Key responsibilities of CPD includes; 1. To supervise the implementation of policies designed to protect Consumers in cooperation with the concerned authorities in the State. 2. To coordinate with the concerned authorities in the State in order to cope with the unlawful commercial practices detrimental to the Consumer. 3. To coordinate with the concerned authorities to heighten Consumer awareness in the State about the commodities and Services, along with having the Consumers acquainted with their rights and the methods of the claims thereof. 4.To monitor Price movements and curb Price increases. 5. To achieve the principle of the honest competition and fight monopoly. 6. To receive complaints from Consumers and refer them to the concerned authorities or otherwise take the necessary action(s) prescribed in the Department’s mandate. A Complaint may be filled directly by the Consumer or through the consumer protection association, when such acts as the representative of the particular Consumer. 7. To publish and distribute the decision and recommendations designed to raise Consumer awareness.The key responsibilities of the (CPD) includes increasing the consumer’s awareness, monitor the movement of prices and control their increase, combat monopoly, to receive consumers complaints and adopt appropriate action. The law states that the Provider shall upon offering any commodity to consumers shall prominently display in the cover of the commodity or on the packet a label the particulars of the product including date of production,or packing, net weight, country of origin, expiry date, compnents and specifications of product etc.The Provider shall also prominently display the price of the product either in the label or at the place where the commodity is displayed. The consumer shall also have the right to receive a dated bill for the product with paticlulars such as price, type etc. The laws warrants the conformity of the product or the service provided to the consumer with the declared and approved standardized specifications. As per the law, the supplier is prohibited to display or promote counterfeited commodities that would inflict damages or losses on consumers.According to the new law, a consumer will be entitled to be indemnified against personal or financial damages in accordance wit h the general rules in force. Any agreement in contravention therewith be null and void. Concerning commercial and trade agencies, the law says that each commercial agent or distributor shall honour all guidance provided by the manufacturer or the trade agent of the commodity. The law also obliges the provider to provide for repair, maintain or provide service to the product after sales and to replace a product if a defect is found in the product within a specific time period.The law also confer legal capcity to CPD to represent the Consumers before the Courts and any other body prescribed by law. Without prejudicing the rights of the parties to go to the Court, the department can also proceed with any settlement to protect the consumers’ interest. According to law, those found guilty of violating the provision will face a fine of not les than Dhs. 1,000/-. In case a supplier or a distributor fails to unequivocally warn against the hazards associated with use of the commodity or the service causing damages penalty will be not less than Dhs. 0,000/-. The new law is a milestone in serving the interests of the consumers in protecting their basic rights against unfair trade practices, unscrupulous exploitation etc and their right to seek redressal against such practices. The law guarantee the consumers right to be heard and to be assured that consumers interests will receive due consideration at the appropriate forum. Environmental Law in the UAE The body of Environmental Law in the UAE comprises Federal Laws and Local Orders issued at municipal level within certain of the Emirates.The UAE also recognises certain international conventions and protocols. A list of the Laws is provided in the appendix to this article. In this article we deal broadly with the provisions of Federal Law No. (24) of 1999 for the Protection and Development of the Environment (â€Å"Law No. 24†) which forms the backbone of the Environmental Law within the UAE. We also deal more specifically with Environmental Impact Assessments, the procedure relating thereto and the institutions charged with the responsibility for implementing the Law. Law No. 24The objectives and general principles of this Law are the following: Protection and conservation of the quality and natural balance of the environment. Control of all forms of pollution and avoidance of any immediate or long-term harmful effects resulting from planning for economic, agricultural or industrial development or other programs aimed at improving life standards. Co-ordination among the FEA, competent authorities and parties concerned with the protection of the environment and conservation and consolidation of environmental awareness and principles of pollution control. Development of natural resources and conservation of biological diversity in the UAE and exploitation of such resources with consideration of present and future generations. Protection of society, the health of human beings and other living creatures from any activities and acts which are environmentally harmful or impede authorised use of the environmental setting. Protection of the UAE environment from the harmful effects of activities undertaken outside the region of the UAE.Compliance with international and regional conventions ratified or approved by the UAE regarding environmental protection, control of pollution and conservation of natural resources. Law No. 24 and the Executive Order published pursuant to Cabinet Resolution No. (37) of 2001 deals comprehensively with all aspects of environmental protection relating to projects; the marine environment and pollution thereof; liability and compensation for environmental damage; rotection of drinking and underground water; air po llution; disposal of hazardous waste; disposal of medical waste, pesticides, agricultural fixers and fertilisers; nature reserves; the protection of wildlife, as well as the penalties imposed for contravention of any provisions of the aforesaid. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) According to Law No. 24, any entity that wishes to undertake a project within the UAE which may have an impact upon the environment must apply to the Federal Environmental Agency (FEA) or the relevant competent local authority for a license.The FEA in co-ordination with the competent authority undertake the evaluation of the environmental impact of projects. The procedure is as follows: The applicant shall attach with his application a complete statement on the project or activity intended to be undertaken including all information required in accordance with the Executive Order and forms included therein. The FEA in coordination with the competent authority shall decide on the application within a period not exceeding one month from the date of submission of the application.The applicant shall be notified of the decision and reasons for rejection of his application if rejected. The period stated above may be extended by one month if the nee d arises. Owners of projects or establishments approved by license shall undertake the regular analysis of waste and monitor the properties of discharge and pollutants generated from such projects, including degradable materials and keep monitoring records as well as send reports with the results to the FEA and the competent authorities. Federal Environmental Agency (FEA) The Federal Environmental Agency was established pursuant to Federal Law No. 7) of 1993 for the Establishment of the Federal Environmental Agency.The Law sets out the objectives of the FEA being inter alia: To protect and develop the environment: To determine the necessary plans and policies to safeguard it from damaging activities, particularly  Ã‚   Appendix The Environmental Laws in the UAE and International Protocols Federal Laws Federal Law No. 7 of 1993 for the Establishment of the Federal Environmental Agency (as amended by Federal Law No. 30 of 2001). Federal Law No. 24 of 1999 for the Protection and Development of the Environment and its Executive Order. Federal Law No. 3 of 1999 concerning Exploitation, Conservation and Development of Living Aquatic Resources. Federal Law No. 1 of 2002 for the Regulation and Control of the Use of Radiation Sources and Against Their Hazards Federal Law No. 11 of 2002 for Regulating and Controlling the International Trade in Species of Wild Fauna Flora. Abu Dhabi Local Environmental Laws Law No. 16 of 2005 pertaining to the Reorganisation of the Abu Dhabi Environment Agency. Law No. 21 of 2005 for Waste Management in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Law No. 28 of 2005 which is a Law Establishing the Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture Heritage.The above local laws, reference to the federal laws and the protocols can be found on http://www. ead. ae/en Dubai Environmental Laws Local Order No. 61 of 1991, a local order issued by the Municipal Council still governs environmental law at a local level. Federal Law will prevail in the event of conflict and contradiction. Local Order No. 11 of 2003 regarding Public Health and Safety of Society has replaced the specific provisions in Local Order 61 of 1991 relating to public health. Local Order No. 11 of 2003 supersedes Local Order No. 1 of 1991 in parts only (with the exception of specific provisions relating to public health and safety). We were informed by the Head of the Environment section in Dubai Municipality that a new Local Order will be issued soon. This local order will complement Local Order No. 11 of 2003 and replace Local Order 61 of 1991 in its entirety. The above local orders can be found on the below link: http://vgn. dm. gov. ae/DMEGOV/dm-legislation-localorder-a; and http://vgn. dm. gov. ae/DMEGOV/dm-legislation-order2004-a There were also amendments issued in 2004 to the Local Order No. 11 of 2003.This Local Order and its amendments can be found on Dubai Municipality ‘s website in Arabic. Please see the above links. The Municipality is currently finalizing the Executive Regulations for Local Order No. 11 of 2003 as well as a separate Local Order to be drafted for Occupational Health and Safety in Dubai . Local Order No. 7 for the year 2002 on Management of Waste Disposal Sites in the Emirate of Dubai. Local Order No. 8 of 2002 regarding Sewerage, Irrigation and Water Drainage in the Emirate of Dubai. The DM’s technical guidelines and circulars can be found on the DM’s website. Sharjah Environmental Laws Sharjah has issued Environmental guidelines pursuant to Law No. 24 of 1999 relating to specific industries, which are as follows; Environmental Guidelines for the Paint and Varnishes Related Industries. Environmental Guidelines for the Aluminium Industry. Environmental Guidelines for the Plastic and Melamine Industry Environmental Guidelines for Laundries. Environmental Guidelines for the Jewellery Industry. Environmental Guidelines for the Electroplating Industry. Environmental Guidelines for Garages and Car Wash Facilities. How to cite Consumer Protection Law of Uae, Essays

Business Laws and Ethics Australian Contract Law

Question: Discuss about the Business Laws and Ethicsfor Australian Contract Law. Answer: Issue Whether La Trobe University would be liable to pay for the sum which was due on the invoice or not? Rule A lawfully binding promise, a set of promises and an agreement which was done among two individuals could be regarded as a valid contract.[1] Agreements of such kind could be initiated in both a written and a verbal way. The only positive point which was considered by people in order to constitute a written contract more preferably was that in such agreements a proof could be established which could not be done with verbal contracts. But it does not mean that the verbal contracts were invalid, both the written and the verbal contracts have equal applicability and validity.[2] There have been five essential elements which were essentially required for formation of a lawfully binding agreement such as: There must be a proposal and acceptance should be made and a agreement must be made among two individuals;[3] There must be a price paid for a promise and offer which was made; Capacity to enter into lawful relations; There must be intention to enter into a lawful relation by the parties and it must be understood in the same thing in the same sense.[4] The agreement has to be complete, definite and binding upon both the parties to the agreement. In the case of Smith v Hughes [1871] LR 6 QB 597 [5]it was concluded that it has been affirmed that if one of the individuals who were party to the contract proposes to make a contract on one set of conditions, and the other aims to make an agreement on another set of conditions.[6] As it was occasionally articulated, if the individuals who were parties to the contract were not ad idem then there would be no contract, unless the situations were such as to prevent one of the individuals from denying that he has established to the conditions of the other individual. Although in the case of Raffles v Wichelhaus (1864) 2 H C 906 [7]it was concluded that, if two individuals enter into an evident agreement relating to a specific individual or ship, and it turns out that each of the two individuals, deluded by a resemblance of name, had a dissimilar individual or ship in his mind, no agreement would exist between them. At last it could be confirmed by looking in an established case of Tamplin v James (1880) 15 ch d 215[8] that if an individual would not take rational care to determine what that individual was contracting about then that individual must bear the consequences. So, the intention of the parties must be lawful and must be similar i..e there must be meeting of minds between two parties for the same thing in the same sense in order to initiate a agreement. Application The parties to the current situation have contracted with each other so it was assumed that they intend to create lawful relations between themselves. There were no facts to counter this assumption and at the same time they have made an oral contract. As mentioned above that if the parties to the contract have different intentions and do not intend and agree on the same situations and conditions in the same way as it was offered then there would be no contact. So, in this case as the police wanted a extra payment which it mentioned clearly to the university before granting the services but the same was not intended in the same sense by the university. As it thought that it was the duty of police to give services and hence university would not pay extra cost for the services. And it was the university who supposed that it was the obligation of the police to protect the people of the state so there would be no additional price which would be paid. Conclusion Therefore, it could be concluded that yes, the La Trobe University would be liable to pay for the sum which was due on the invoice i.e the extra cost as the same was intended and mentioned to the university by the police. As the services which would be interpreted in a different way by the university even after the clear mentioned term of extra payment which was made by the police. So, the University has to pay the cost which was asked by the police officials at the time of contract. Issue Whether a lawfully binding agreement been made among Mr. Dowell and Dodgy Accounts Associates or not? Rule In order to create a valid agreement or a contract there must be 6 elements that must be satisfied for the formation of an agreement between two or more individuals.[9] In the absence of any of the one element a contract would not be said to be binding on the individual who were parties to the contract.[10] The elements were as follows: There must be agreement which have been initiated between the parties which commonly included a proposal and a acceptance;[11] There must be a price paid or consideration for a promise which was made by the individuals who were party to a contract; The parties must have the lawful ability to enter into a binding contractual association; The agreement must convene any principles which were set out in statute for it to be lawfully binding; It must be sufficiently complete and appropriately recognize the privileges and the duties of both of the individuals.[12] An acceptance of an agreement or a allowance of a authorization to a agreement or proposal which was made could be made by way of post. In the case of Entorres v Miles Far East [1955] 2 QB 327 [13] it was clearly stated that with observance to a valid recognition there has been a rule which should be applied i.e. the acceptance or the approval must be communicated to the other party before it was successful. Similarly, there has been a omission to the rule of acceptance and its communication i.e the postal rule. According to the postal rule, where a letter was appropriately concentrated on and imprinted then the acceptance would come into effect as soon as the letter was placed in the post box. Although, the rule of postal rule was established in the case of Adams v Lindsell (1818) 106 ER 250[14] in which the tribunals concluded that a a agreement would be valid as soon as it came in to persistence at the same point of time when the letter of acceptance was posted by a party in the post box. An fascinating insinuation of the process of the posting rule was provided in the case of Byrne v Van Tienhoven (1880) 5 CPD 344[15] where it was clearly stated that an approval would be absolute once the letter of acceptance was posted because it makes no disparity whether the other party essentially receives the letter or not. In another matter of Henthorn v Fraser 1892[16] it was concluded that, "Where the situations were such that it must have been within the consideration of the individuals that, as per the normal practice of a human, the post might be utilized as a way of communicating the acceptance of a proposal, the acceptance was complete as soon as it was posted." Application As in this case Dowell as soon as he received the letter of appointment replied to the letter and granted his acceptance by posting the letter by notifying Mr. Welwisha that he would be willing to join but on a specific date on the offer that Dowell has been chosen as the senior accountant for his firm in reaction of which letter was posted by Mr. Dowell by post who sent an acceptance to him. So, in this situation the postal rule would be applicable. And the approval for the proposal was provided as specified above after which the verdict was distorted. Conclusion Therefore, it could be accomplished that yes, a justifiably binding agreement was constricted in between Dodgy Accounts Associates and Mr. Dowell as all of the indispensable ingredients which forms a lawful binding agreement were nearby there and as per the postal rule which has been described above the approval was given by post which was also suitable and legalized acceptance which would institute a lawful agreement. So, it could be long-established that when the committee of the corporation met again after the proposal was sent to Dowell they made a pronouncement that Dowell would not be prearranged now for the organization for which he was projected to be preferred then the people would be a in violation of a valid contract as the contract was completed by post which was given by Mr. Dowell. Therefore, now the committee of the organization could not make such decision to withdraw a agreement which was justifiably established by him in a enforceable way. References Cases Adams v Lindsell (1818) 106 ER 250. Byrne v Van Tienhoven (1880) 5 CPD 344. Entorres v Miles Far East [1955] 2 QB 327. Henthorn v Fraser 1892. Raffles v Wichelhaus (1864) 2 H C 906. Smith v Hughes [1871] LR 6 QB 597. Tamplin v James (1880) 15 ch d 215. Websites Australian Contract Law, Smith v Hughes Court of Queen's Bench [1871] LR 6 QB 597, https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/cases/smith.html christian Tager, The requirements for creating a valid e-commerce contract, (1 November 2011) https://www.diamondconway.com.au/the-requirements-for-creating-a-valid-e-commerce-contract/ craig Hong, What are the elements of a contract?, (29 July, 2015) https://www.hillhouse.com.au/legal-question/what-are-the-elements-of-a-contract/ D W McLauchlan, "Objectivity in Contract" [2005] University of Queensland Law Journal 28, 24(2) 479. E-Lawresources, Contractual agreement - offer and acceptance, https://www.e-lawresources.co.uk/Offer-and-acceptance.php Fair Dealing, Contracts https://www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au/ftw/Consumers/Contracts.page Networked Knowledge, Contract Law, https://netk.net.au/Contract/02Formation.asp Paul Kordic, Australia: Recitals, definitions interpretation clauses in commercial contracts, (3 July 2014) https://www.mondaq.com/australia/x/324358/Contract+Law/Recitals+definitions+interpretation+clauses+in+commercial+contracts Simpsons, The Principles of Contract, https://www.simpsons.com.au/documents/visarts/visarts89/1Princip.pdf